RS485 serial communication schematic circuit
RS485
RS485 is used for serial communication and well suited for transmission over large distances. Similar to RS232 we need a level shifter. sample above uses a MEGA161 or MEGA162 which has 2 UARTS. This way you can have both a RS232 and RS485 interface.
The RS232 is used for debugging.
In order to test you need 2 or more similar circuits. One circuit would be the master. The other(s) would be a slave. The same hardware is used to test the MODBUS protocol. The bus need to be terminated at both ends with a resistor. 100 ohm is a typical used value. The GND of both circuits may not be connected ! Only connect point A and B from both circuits. For industrial usage it is best to use an optical isolated level shifter.
Simple MASTER sample
$regfile = “m162def.dat” ’ specify the used micro
$crystal = 8000000
$baud = 19200 ‘ use baud rate
$hwstack = 42 ‘ default use 32 for the hardware stack
$swstack = 40 ‘ default use 10 for the SW stack
$framesize = 40 ‘ default use 40 for the frame space
$lib “modbus.lbx”
Config Print1 = Portb.1 , Mode = Set ’ use portb.1 for the direction
Rs485dir Alias Portb.1
Config Rs485dir = Output
Rs485dir = 0 ‘ go to receive mode
Portc.0 = 1 ’ a switch is connected to pinc.0 so activate pull up resistor
‘ TX RX
‘ COM0 PD.1 PD.0 monitor
‘ COM1 PB.3 PB.2 rs485
‘ PB.1 data direction rs485
Config Com1 = Dummy , Synchrone = 0 , Parity = None , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 , Clockpol = 0
Config Com2 = 9600 , Synchrone = 0 , Parity = Even , Stopbits = 1 , Databits = 8 , Clockpol = 0 ’ MUST MATCH THE SLAVE
‘use OPEN/CLOSE for using the second UART
Open “COM2:” For Binary As #1
‘dimension some variables
Dim B As Byte
Dim W As Word
Dim L As Long
W = &H4567 ‘ set some values
L = &H12345678
Print “RS-485 MODBUS master”
Do
If Pinc.0 = 0 Then ‘ test button
Waitms 500 ’ delay since we want to send just 1 frame
Print “send request to slave/server” ’ to debug terminal
‘ Print #1 , Makemodbus(2 , 3 , 8 , 2); ’slave 2, function 3, start address 8, 2 bytes
‘ Print #1 , Makemodbus(2 , 6 , 8 , W); ‘slave 2, function 6, address 8 , value of w
Print #1 , Makemodbus(b , 16 , 8 , L); ’send a long
End If
If Ischarwaiting(#1) <> 0 Then ’did we got something back?
B = Waitkey(#1) ’ yes so get it
Print Hex(b) ; “,”; ’ print it
End If
Loop
A slave would simply listen to data, and once enough data received, send it back.
The MODBUS slave code is available as a commercial add on.
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