Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is an automatic identification method, relying on storing and remotely retrieving data using devices called RFID tags or transponders. Utilizing radio frequency waves, an RFID tag can be applied to or incorporated into a product for the purpose of location and identification. UHF Passive RFID can be read from several meters away [...]
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What Is an Embedded System?
An embedded system is a combination of computer hardware and software, and perhaps additional mechanical or other parts, designed to perform a specific function. A good example is the microwave oven. Almost every household has one, and tens of millions of them are used every day, but very few people realize that a processor and [...]
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DIODES AND RECTIFIERS part 3 (Diode ratings)
In addition to forward voltage drop (Vf) and peak inverse voltage (PIV), there are many other ratings of diodes important to circuit design and component selection. Semiconductor manufacturers provide detailed specifications on their products — diodes included — in publications known as datasheets. Datasheets for a wide variety of semiconductor components may be found in [...]
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Fuzzy logic
Fuzzy logic is an increase of Boolean logic dealing with the concept of partial truth. Where is the logic of classical states that everything that can be expressed in terms of binary (0 or 1, black or white, yes or no), fuzzy logic replaces Boolean truth with a level of truth. Fuzzy logic allows the membership [...]
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all about solar cell
A solar cell is a device that converts the energy of sunlight directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect. Sometimes the term solar cell is reserved for devices intended specifically to capture energy from sunlight such as solar panels and solar cells, while the term photovoltaic cell is used when the light source is unspecified. [...]
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image proccessing sensor
• Micron DigitalClarityTM CMOS imaging technology • Array Format (5:4): 1,280H x 1,024V (1,310,720 active pixels). Total (incl. dark pixels): 1,312H x 1,048V (1,374,976 pixels) • Frame Rate: 30 fps progressive scan; programmable • Shutter: Electronic Rolling Shutter (ERS) • Window Size: SXGA; programmable to any smaller format (VGA, QVGA, CIF, QCIF, etc.) • Programmable [...]
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Making Electricity with Hydrogen
by : Walt Pyle, Alan Spivak, Reynaldo Cortez, and Jim Healy A gas fed battery that never needs recharging! This article describes a process for building a fuel cell using tools and techniques any skilled hobbyist with a wellequipped shop can duplicate. The fuel cell that we built can produce direct current electricity from stored [...]
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Electrons and “holes”
Pure semiconductors are relatively good insulators as compared with metals, though not nearly as good as a true insulator like glass. To be useful in semiconductor applications, the intrinsic semiconductor (pure undoped semiconductor) must have no more than one impurity atom in 10 billion semiconductor atoms. This is analogous to a grain of salt impurity [...]
AMPLIFIERS9
Absolute dB scales
It is also possible to use the decibel as a unit of absolute power, in addition to using it as an expression of power gain or loss. A common example of this is the use of decibels as a measurement of sound pressure intensity. In cases like these, the measurement is made in reference to [...]
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Temperature sensor with network access
Spinwave Systems’ wireless zone temperature sensors are available in three versions: 1. Temperature sensor (SWS-T) 2. Temperature sensor with override button (SWS-TO) 3. Temperature sensor with override button and set point adjustment (SWS-TOS) Spinwave’s wireless temperature sensors can be easily interfaced to any building automation system, by either: 1. Mapping sensor’s temperature and/or set point to [...]
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THYRISTORS part 1 : Hysteresis
Thyristors are a class of semiconductor components exhibiting hysteresis, that property whereby a system fails to return to its original state after some cause of state change has been removed. A very simple example of hysteresis is the mechanical action of a toggle switch: when the lever is pushed, it flips to one of two [...]
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Analog to Digital Converter : ADC MAX 154/158
Maxim ADC issued a new generation, ie MAX154 ADC which has a 4-channel input with a resolution of 8 bits, while the MAX 158 has 8 channels with a resolution of 8 bits. This chip is very compact because it is an internal pulse source, compare with ADC0808 which requires an external pulse source using [...]
