ACCURACY AND PRECISION There is no such thing as an absolutely accurate measurement. All measurements are approximations of the “true” value. Thus, when the accuracy of a measurement or set of measurements is stated, it is always stated in terms of inaccuracy or a range around the true measurement in which the given measurement may [...]
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PCI Interface
The C62x McEVM’s peripheral component interconnect (PCI) interface provides plug-and-play functionality along with the ability to support high-speed target (slave) and initiator (master) modes of data transfers. The plug-and-play feature of PCI is intended to eliminate the resource conflicts associated with ISA cards that result from user configuration of addresses andinterrupts. PCI devices each provide [...]
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What’s the Electrical Current
What’s the Electrical Current The actual electrical flow (movement of charges) is defined as 1 coulomb past a point in 1 second and is called an “ampere” (named after André Ampère). In North America, contemporary usage shortens this term to “amp.” The symbol for current is I, which stands for intensity of electrical current. Current [...]
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ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE
ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE The pressure that causes current to flow is called electromotive force (EMF). EMF is measured in “volts,” whose symbol is V (named after Alessandro Volta). Since we need to determine (by using the volt) how much “potential” energy there is in a difference of charge, two of the terms already introduced will suffice. [...]
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Global Positioning System (GPS)
Global Positioning System (GPS) is the only satellite navigation system is functioning properly. This system uses 24 satellites that transmit microwave signals to Earth. This signal is received by a receiver on the surface, and is used to determine position, velocity, direction and time. Similar to the GPS system that among other things the Russian [...]
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QR12 Optical Encoder Design Features
QR12 Optical Encoder Design Features: 1. Low profile assembled height 2. Bearing design simplifies encoder attachment 3. Resolutions up to 20,000 lines per revolution 4. 4, 6 or 8 pole commutation 5. Multiple Bolt Circle mounting 6. Through shaft sizes up to 0.375” (10mm) Diameter 7. High Noise Immunity 8. Cost Competitive with Modular Encoders [...]
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ELECTRICAL UNITS
ELECTRICAL UNITS We have discussed the big picture, so now some of the fine details must be explained. We will use standard units of measurement so that independent measurements can be related and have the same meaning.Three of these units are in common use: the volt, which is a measure of the electrical pressure; the [...]
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OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS : part 12 (Practical considerations)
As stated before, an ideal differential amplifier only amplifies the voltage difference between its two inputs. If the two inputs of a differential amplifier were to be shorted together (thus ensuring zero potential difference between them), there should be no change in output voltage for any amount of voltage applied between those two shorted inputs [...]
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electrical article : RADIANT FLOOR HEAT CONCEPTS AND DETAILS
“Radiant” heat relates to one of three of the most prevalent means that heat is transferred. Radiant heat is long wave infrared energy radiated from any “hot body” to any “cooler body” within sight. In other words if you’re in the sun you’ll feel warmer than if you’re in the shade. If you can see [...]
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Electricity and Electronics Study
The study of electricity and electronics is the study of the electron and proton, the fields surrounding them, and how we affect their behavior. The electron and proton are both charged particles, since they carry an electric charge. The electron is the key player in most electronics studies, since in metals it is the electron [...]
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electrical switch
Switch type An electrical switch is any device used to interrupt the °ow of electrons in a circuit. Switches are essentially binary devices: they are either completely on (“closed”) or completely or (“open”). There are many diferent types of switches, and we will explore some of these types in this chapter. Though it may seem [...]
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Personal Computers Based vs PIC micro MCU Based Program Development
Engineers starting development on PC based products have the luxury of basic hardware pre-wired (i.e., keyboard, processor, memory, I/O, printer and visual display (screen)). The product development then comes down to writing the software and debugging the errors. Those embarking on a PIC based design have to create all the interfaces to the outside world [...]
